OPINIONS

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An unrepeatable and unmissable opportunity to strengthen the competitiveness of our companies on the global stage.

And since Confimprese Italia has always paid great attention to internationalisation, we are going to Expo Osaka 2025 to leave our mark.

It must be said, in relation to the Japanese Exhibition, that there is a ‘before’, there will be a ‘during’ and then an ‘after’. The agreement we have signed with Mario Vattani (Commissioner General for Italy at Expo 2025 Osaka) has allowed us to better prepare the ‘before’.

As for the ‘during’, it is clear that our delegation (twenty businessmen and women) will be able to achieve the objective of putting companies in the ‘shop window’ and at the centre of the system.

A bit like the church at the centre of the village. We are talking about businesses that encompass all dimensions at every level.

Let me summarise: from micro enterprises in the confectionery sector to Geko (the giant in the field of sustainable energy, of course). Finally the ‘after’: it will depend on how much we are able to do in Osaka, but we are aware of the absolute goodness of our excellence. 26 August will be an important day. Inside the Italian Pavilion our confederation will have its own exhibition space. The ambition? To amaze, to convince, to capitalise for the future. It is a space dedicated to Italian companies and in that context we will have to deploy all our skills, all our intelligence, all our commitment. By being a team. The ‘mission’ of Confimprese Italia will last from 23 to 30 August. The 26th will be the crucial date. We must be aware that after the presentation, the ‘B2B’ phase will open for our companies, an acronym that stands for ‘business to business’. This is a fundamental and decisive moment in terms of business relations, but also in terms of relationships. First and foremost with Japanese companies. But not only.

We represent the territories and the small and medium enterprises that those territories interpret and characterise. We want to guarantee them the best possible representation in a context of global value such as the Expo. This is why the meticulous work of Confimprese Italia began in February, with the signing of the memorandum of understanding with Ambassador Mario Vattani. From that moment on, there have been numerous initiatives and there will be others. Hundreds of companies have been involved, many of them of absolute excellence. Our employers’ organisation, founded in 1996, is now considered among the most representative at national level. Through its representations throughout the country, Confimprese Italia carries out daily activities based on objectives, strategies and details. On training, for example by stimulating companies, especially smaller ones, to use funded training for employees, and on environmental and social governance to comply with European directives.

Participation in Expo Osaka is not an occasional event in the actions of Confimprese Italia, which was already a signatory in 2020 of the Export Pact with the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and which has numerous foreign delegations and boasts excellent relations with institutional representations, particularly those of China, Tunisia, Hungary and Albania, with which it periodically cultivates import-export initiatives to the advantage of member companies.

Last but not least, we play a leading role in the Mattei Plan for Africa, in constant relations with the Presidency of the Council of Ministers.

Made in Italy, that of micro and small enterprises, especially those representing local communities, finds in Confimprese Italia a valuable partner. We will certainly keep the context of the event in Japan in mind. In this regard, we believe that ‘Art Regenerates Life’ is not just a slogan, but rather represents a design vision that holds together and ‘merges’ aesthetics, ethics and sustainability. We are talking about the leitmotif of the Expo 2025 in Osaka, in which Italy certainly does not limit itself to participating, but wants to tell its story, get involved and dialogue with the world. It is also for this reason that the Pavilion dedicated to our country presents itself inspired by the Renaissance. Noble roots of the past but also a modern vision of the future. So that Made in Italy is affirmed and declines along the road of sustainability and innovation, constantly looking into the future.

Our ambition is to tell the story of Sistema Paese and the virtuous reality of Confimprese Italia. Through the dissemination and planning of scientific and cultural initiatives linked to innovation, growth, and the internationalisation of small and medium enterprises. The Expo is a unique showcase, capable of bringing together industry, creativity, art, and work. We have an extraordinary opportunity to show how much we focus on innovation, new technologies, and integrated promotion projects. This is what we will do inside the Italian Pavilion on 26 August. It is worth remembering the words of Ambassador Mario Vattani: ‘Expo 2025 Osaka is an unmissable opportunity to strengthen the competitiveness of our companies on the global stage. Thanks to the Protocol with Confimprese Italia we are committed to promoting innovation, growth and internationalisation of our entrepreneurial fabric. The micro, small, and medium-sized Italian companies that characterise our production and manufacturing system can once again become protagonists by bringing the excellence of our know-how to the world. Words that make us feel proud and at the same time give us a great deal of responsibility. We will know how to live up to them, increasing the visibility and competitiveness of our companies on a global scale. Naturally, a coordination made up of representatives from both sides was appointed to implement the Protocol. It is a document that also focuses on actions for the integrated promotion of tourism, involving companies, investors, start-ups and stakeholders in concrete internationalisation opportunities, including through workshops and ‘B2B’ of participating companies. We know that we will have to move in a context of international investors. This is the challenge to be overcome. Special attention will be paid to companies in the spa sector, which is strategic and highly attractive in terms of tourism.

We will have a busy agenda and we will have to be ready. Not only: we will have to move within the framework of what the Italian Pavilion represents and inspires, because it is among the most visited and narrates the charm of the country with the typical places of its urban and social identity. Porticoes, piazza, theatre and Italian-style garden. It is already considered among the most beautiful. A meeting, exchange and enhancement space for productive realities, therefore, which on 26 August will be tinged with the colours of Confimprese Italia, with a day entirely dedicated to the association and Italian entrepreneurial excellence. An event, this one, that follows the signed protocol of understanding. The main objective underpinning the document is the dissemination and planning of initiatives related to innovation, growth and internationalisation of local industrial realities. The delegation will consist of about twenty participants, including managers and entrepreneurs, from various Italian regions, with a strong representation from Ciociaria and the Latina province. The day will be divided into two parts: the morning will be devoted to an institutional event, with a conference dedicated to the role of micro, small and medium-sized enterprises, an expression of excellence that is widespread and rooted in the Italian economic fabric, while in the afternoon there will be meetings between the delegations and with Japanese buyers and others present at the Expo. In the following days, the delegation will move to Tokyo for a series of institutional meetings with all the reference bodies of the Italian government, starting with the Embassy, the Consulate, Simest and Sace. After this series of appointments, which represents a strategic opportunity to strengthen international relations and promote Italian products, the delegation will leave for Italy on 31 August. This is why we are proud of this mission and will try to represent our territory in the best possible way in what is set to be the most important international context of 2025. We will carry the insignia of the territories in the highest planetary context.

On the Ministry’s website, the Osaka ‘mission’ is described as follows: ‘Italy will be present at the event with its own Pavilion designed by architect Mario Cucinella as a modern interpretation of the Ideal City of the Renaissance, with its theatre, porticoes, piazza and Italian-style garden, typical places of Italy’s urban and social identity. Italy’s participation in Expo aims to expand and complete the image of Italy in the world through excellence, cutting-edge technology, scientific research, classical and contemporary works of art, design and craftsmanship, music and live daily performances. Expo 2025 Osaka will offer Italy a global stage for the integrated promotion of the country system and Made in Italy in the Asia-Pacific area”.

Confimprese Italia will have to move within these boundaries, but never losing sight of its role of representing micro, small and medium-sized enterprises. On every occasion I have repeated that the circular economy and sustainability are now central issues for the future of businesses, the territory and the environment. In an ever-changing global context, companies are called upon to renew their business models, adopting practices that reduce environmental impact, optimise resources and promote responsible use of materials. What better opportunity than to participate, as a key player, in Expo 2025 Osaka? Because there is no doubt that concepts such as trade diplomacy and the exchange of experiences are indispensable in today’s economic landscape. Our confederation would like to proudly highlight its commitment over almost 30 years. A commitment that has unfolded through the accompaniment of our member companies in obtaining financing, particularly in micro-credit formulas, up to the international marketing and promotion services carried out at the confederation’s foreign offices, which are permanently present in countries related to the development of sectors of expertise. I am thinking of tourism, services, and the manufacturing industry. That is why the ‘mission’ to Osaka represents both a starting point and an arrival point. We are going to promote our cultural and commercial traditions, our technological excellence. Showing that the solidity of the present is the best basis for planning the future.

As far as I am concerned, the factor that makes the difference is the focus on the territories. It should be borne in mind that in very small, small and medium-sized enterprises there is a virtuous synergy between production and attention to workers. In the economic context in which we live, shared policies and choices must necessarily be made. There can be no divisions. At Confimprese we all row together. On 26 August we will be able to show that all this... can be done. Even on a larger scale. We will put on the ground the areas identified in the signed Protocol. Let us remember them: ‘The culture of design, craft skills, creative thinking, the nature-technology relationship, and humanity have always linked cultures and artistic expressions in Italy and Japan, with particular reference to local productions, which have always contributed to the promotion of their territories in the world; to the expressions that in wellness and well-being find a meeting and a parallel in the Italian and Japanese realities (with particular attention to the thermal activity and development of small realities and villages linked to the peculiarities of development of some areas that become national excellences) in the culture of welcoming the valorisation of differences through the meeting of economic, social and artistic realities, the comparison and the creation of international networks for the support of tourism activities”. But also space for research, artistic experimentation in a broadly interdisciplinary sense, with the ability to represent social issues such as diversity, sustainability and inclusion.

I repeat: all the sectors represented by our confederation will have the opportunity to show what they produce, what they are worth, what they represent. Everyone, no one excluded.

The symbol of Expo 2025 Osaka is ‘the Grand Roof - Ring’. Designed by Expo designer Fujimoto Sou, it represents the philosophy of the World Expo: ‘United in Diversity’.

Here, united in diversity. With the strength of our history and our achievements, always in the field, always in the trenches, always ready to amaze. We will also do this in Japan.

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Minister of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation, Hon. deputy Mr. Antonio Tajani, has always supported entrepreneurial and microfinance policies. We discussed with him how microcredit activity can be a driving force for our entrepreneurship abroad and how the best practices developed by the ENM can be an example and support for preventive diplomacy at the centre of the debates at Expo Osaka 2025 during the Human Rights Week.
Tajani, already at the conference held in December 2024 at the Farnesina, had spoken out in favour of using the microfinance instrument as a vector for peace and development. The Minister was keen to emphasise how Italian foreign policy is also promoted in the world by those who bring something material or intangible of Italian civilisation abroad. Mr. Tajani recalled the important role of international cooperation: "Everything that an Italian does that is positive in the world, especially when it comes to peace bearers, helps our political action. In all of this, the instrument of microcredit can play a key role,' the minister went on to emphasise how this instrument can be useful for the development of the territories most in difficulty. "This is also peace diplomacy, because where goods circulate, weapons do not circulate".

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Microcredit supports Italian entrepreneurship, and in particular supports small and medium-sized enterprises. Within the framework of a preventive diplomacy, what, in your opinion, could be the contribution that the National Microcredit Agency, through this instrument, can provide to companies in the process of internationalisation?
It must first of all start with those young people who have the capacity for innovation but not the means to exploit it. It must support start-ups, such as those looking for a second chance. It must set itself the goal of fostering the growth of small and medium-sized entrepreneurs by helping above all the new generations, women, third sector organisations and immigrants. The support of Maeci, as well as of the entire government, is not an isolated fact, but is part of a path that is an integral part of our philosophy. The instances of corporate social responsibility and attention to the social context are themes that find widespread application in our strategies. Although the development path of microcredit still has wide margins for growth, it is important to know that even institutions in a country like Italy are well aware of the importance of this instrument of true cooperation.

In the great story of Italy, which is at the centre of Expo Osaka, the social value of enterprise is also mentioned. The presence of the Ente Nazionale per il Microcredito (National Microcredit Agency) wants to highlight this aspect in particular. What value do you attribute to the possibility of narrating, in a global context, the role of microcredit as a lever of inclusion and development?
The Nobel Peace Prize winner Muhammad Yunus, who was the creator and implementer of modern microcredit said that “Normally countries run like a train with a locomotive pulling the convoy. Microcredit, on the other hand, makes each individual carriage stand on its own. If you detach it from the locomotive, it can continue to travel on its own, because every human being is a creative engine’. And this allows us to have an effective tool to fight social exclusion and to activate economic and social development processes that take individuals, families, and entrepreneurial activities out of the subsistence economy and make them become conscious and responsible actors embedded in dynamic and open economies.

An equitable and sustainable socio-economic development passes through what many call ‘Peace through Development’. In light of your role and commitment in international cooperation, do you think that microcredit could become a lever of our foreign policy in favour of economic and inclusive growth within partner countries?
The microcredit instrument plays a key role and we as a government want to enhance it more and more. It is particularly suited to relaunching growth starting from the territories, enhancing small business activities, perhaps family businesses. Through cooperation and development we are carrying out many interventions especially in the African continent. This too is peace diplomacy, because where goods circulate there is growth and prosperity and not arms. And then I think it is urgent to settle the contradiction between a world that is growing and developing and the increase in imbalances and poverty through adequate, concrete and new types of instruments. And microcredit is one of them.

Small and medium-sized enterprises are the backbone of our economy. What measures is MAECI putting in place to support this type of enterprise in foreign markets and how, in your opinion, could we intervene, especially in the younger or less structured entrepreneurial realities?
Since I took office at the Farnesina, supporting the international paths of micro and small enterprises has been a priority on my agenda. Together with Simest, we have deepened and innovated the instruments of financial support for internationalisation, introducing dedicated subsidised finance products: from contributions for investments in digital and ecological transition, to the hiring of temporary export managers who can accompany companies entering international markets for the first time. We also wanted to extend the benefits of subsidised finance to companies in the supply chain that are not yet exporting. With an eye instead on younger and more dynamic entrepreneurial realities, we support the internationalisation of start-ups. That is, of those new and young innovative companies with high growth potential, and forges of frontier technologies. Recent studies (Assolombarda and InnovUp) show that in the 2012-2023 period a quarter of all new jobs were created by innovative start-ups and SMEs. And these are generally jobs characterised by high professionalism and high added value, given that these very types of companies are mainly dedicated to cutting-edge technologies, often experimental, often the result of spin-offs and academic research. But given the still very weak structure of this type of enterprise, MAECI and Agenzia-ICE have equipped themselves to provide a tailor-made form of assistance, with acceleration programmes abroad and participation in international technology fairs (where young entrepreneurs-innovators are brought into contact with large companies or specialised investors such as venture capital funds in Italy’s pavilions).

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WORKSHOP BY ARTIST MARIO ARLATI
EMBRACED BY UNIDO ITPO ITALY

At first glance, art and industry might seem like opposing concepts — intrinsically distant in their modes of expression. The mechanical nature of serial work contrasts with free creation; the meticulous rigor of science opposes the genius of inspiration. Yet, these two seemingly parallel worlds often intersect, drawing from each other in form and content to create something unique and transformative. This dynamic was exemplified by “uncompleted flag”, the artwork conceived by italian artist mario arlati, which embodies the highest values of industry — sustainability, inclusiveness, and cooperation — while specifically reflecting on the environmental and social impact of the textile industry.
On august 11th and 12th, 2025, unido itpo italy - the italian investment and technology promotion office of the united nations industrial development organization - returns to expo osaka on the occasion of the second workshop organized by mario arlati, titled “united flags: youth, inclusivity and sustainability for italy and japan”. Scheduled during the expo’s week themed “peace, human security and dignity”, this workshop will highlight once more the critical importance of circular economy, social inclusion, and international cooperation, reinforcing unido’s core mandate through the medium of art.

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“UNITED FLAGS: YOUTH, INCLUSIVITY AND SUSTAINABILITY FOR ITALY AND JAPAN”
Building on the success of the UNcompleted Flag, this initiative evolves from the artistic workshop held in July 2023 — a collaboration among artist Mario Arlati, the social enterprise Il Carro and Monza Arte Contemporanea, with support from the Galleria d’Arte Contini of Venice-Cortina d’Ampezzo. During the workshop, youths from vulnerable social backgrounds used recycled textile waste to create a reinterpretation of the United Nations flag — a symbol not only of unity but also of sustainability and inclusiveness. Embraced by UNIDO ITPO Italy in light of the strong resonance with its vision and principles, the workshop and its result combined artistic creativity with environmental awareness and a commitment to circular economy principles, transforming discarded materials into a powerful statement about social and industrial responsibility.
Since its creation, the UNcompleted Flag has gained notable recognition, and was exhibited at the 2024 CodeWay Expo, a major event organized by Fiera Roma focused on international cooperation and sustainable development. The event’s inauguration was officiated next to the artwork by Edmondo Cirielli, Italian Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation, marking a significant institutional statement about the values and impact of the initiative.
The upcoming workshop at Expo 2025 Osaka takes this concept further by inviting young people from vulnerable contexts in both Italy and Japan to collaboratively create two symbolic artworks: an Italian flag made by Japanese youth, and a Japanese flag created by Italian youth. Adhering to circular economy principles, these flags will be crafted exclusively from recycled materials, mirroring the approach of the previous workshop. This exchange is more than an artistic endeavor: it is a cultural dialogue fostering mutual understanding, social inclusion, and environmental consciousness.
The flags will serve as both artworks and symbols of cooperation between the two nations. This collaborative process will enrich the experience of participants as well as of the broader audience at Expo Osaka, allowing them not only to develop skills in artistic expression but also an environmental consciousness and intercultural exchange, exemplifying how art can serve as a vehicle for connecting cultures, promoting sustainable innovation, and advancing inclusive societies centered on the individual.
In this sense, the recurring themes of circular-economy sustainability, youth inclusivity, and cooperation at international level, run as a common thread linking the original UNcompleted Flag, the upcoming United Flags workshop at Expo 2025 Osaka, and UNIDO ITPO Italy’s broader mandate.

UNIDO: ACCELERATING INCLUSIVE AND SUSTAINABLE INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT
The United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) is a specialized UN agency tasked with promoting inclusive and sustainable industrial development, as reflected in the UN Sustainable Development Goal 9: “Build resilient infrastructure, promote inclusive and sustainable industrialization and foster innovation”. UNIDO envisions a world free from poverty and hunger, where industry supports low-emission economies, improves living standards, and safeguards the environment for present and future generations — advancing progress by innovation to leave no one behind. Headquartered in Vienna, UNIDO operates a global network of Investment and Technology Promotion Offices (ITPOs) strategically placed across industrialized countries, serving as bridges between their host countries and developing or transitioning economies.
Based in Rome and operational since 1987 thanks to the support of the Italian Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation (MAECI), UNIDO ITPO Italy plays a vital role in enhancing the competitiveness of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) from developing countries and economies in transition. Its mandate includes mobilizing investments, transferring technology and management skills, and implementing industrial projects aimed at sustainable local development. The office also fosters international partnerships and business cooperation with Italian public and private sectors, enhancing cross-border industrial collaboration. Working closely with donors, partners, and a broad range of international stakeholders — including ministries, embassies, regional authorities, investment promotion agencies, universities, and private companies — ITPO Italy advances public-private partnerships and promotes technology-driven sustainable industrialization.
UNIDO ITPO Italy offers a wide array of services to institutions and companies alike, from capacity building and technical assistance to matchmaking and participation in international trade fairs and forums. The focus is on supporting industrial projects that contribute to sustainable development goals while enabling knowledge transfer and innovation exchange. The office’s key sectors include agribusiness, renewable energy and green technologies for the environment, blue economy – all firmly rooted in sustainability and circular economy principles – and, of course, textile.

MADE IN ITALY SUPPORTS TEXTILE IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
UNIDO ITPO Italy has wide experience in the textile sector, main focus of the UNcompleted Flag as well as of the upcoming United Flags workshop. With the support of the Italian Agency for Development Cooperation (AICS), the Office is now implementing two projects in this field: one in Egypt and one in Ghana.
“The Egyptian Cotton Project – Phase II” aims at strengthening and upscaling the environmental, economic, and social sustainability of the cotton value chain in Egypt. The first phase of this flagship initiative was developed in collaboration with Filmar Group, and since then has expanded to include Cotonificio Albini – both esteemed Italian suppliers of high-quality yarns and textiles made from Egyptian cotton for renowned brands. These strategic partnerships with the Italian private sector have facilitated a demand-driven approach, ensuring alignment with market needs and effectively leveraging Italian expertise, know-how, and a robust network of buyers.
UNIDO ITPO Italy has also recently launched a project aimed at promoting circular economy best practices in the textile sector of Ghana, a key industry for the country’s economic development. The project seeks to introduce a circular approach by engaging local private sector actors alongside institutions, academia, and business associations. By fostering sustainable investments and practices, the initiative will strengthen the industrial sector, drive economic growth, and generate employment opportunities, ultimately improving the well-being of local communities. In the last two months, ITPO Italy has joined two missions to Accra – respectively with the Italian Cooperation and Made in Italy Circolare e Sostenibile (MICS) – meeting with local stakeholders and visiting the Kantamanto market, West Africa’s largest second-hand clothing hub, for a firsthand insight on the national economy. Both mission reaffirmed UNIDO ITPO Italy’s commitment to driving innovation, sustainability, and industrial partnerships in support of Ghana’s development goals.

EXPO OSAKA 2025: A CATALYST FOR COLLABORATION
Coming back to the United Flags workshop and, more specifically, to its stage of Expo 2025 Osaka, one of UNIDO ITPO Italy’s flagship projects currently underway is “Innovation Gateway Trieste-Osaka 2025”. Implemented with the financial support of the Friuli Venezia Giulia Autonomous Region, this initiative aims to create international networks and foster global partnerships among young innovators, entrepreneurs, industries, research institutions, and business communities to build a smarter, greener, and more inclusive business ecosystem that encourages equal participation of women and youth, leveraging technological innovation for sustainable development.
The project’s activities are designed to connect the innovation ecosystem of Friuli Venezia Giulia with Expo 2025 Osaka. Last April, a delegation of five selected companies and representatives from the Regional Desk for the Internationalization of Enterprises (SPRINT) participated in a business mission to Japan. At Expo Osaka, the delegation took part in the “Selecting Italy” event — a platform showcasing Italian excellence in various sectors — and high-level institutional meetings, such as with Massimiliano Fedriga, President of Friuli Venezia Giulia Region, and Sergio Emidio Bini, Regional Council Member for Economic Development and Tourism. In Tokyo, a networking event held at Yokohama Connéct featured Italian companies presenting innovative solutions through elevator pitches and live demonstrations, followed by dynamic exchanges with Japanese counterparts. The delegation also engaged in strategic meetings with key Japanese institutions, including UNIDO ITPO Tokyo, JETRO, and the Italian Chamber of Commerce in Japan, reinforcing the foundation for long-term cooperation.
This initiative — as well as future initiatives to be implemented at Expo 2025 Osaka later this year in the framework of the project and beyond — amplifies UNIDO ITPO Italy’s commitment to fostering cross-cultural and international collaboration, perfectly echoing the spirit of the United Flags workshop, as both champion international collaboration, circular economy, and youth empowerment as essential drivers of inclusive and sustainable industrial development, in line with UNIDO’s mandate.

OUTLOOK
From reclaimed textile waste in a local workshop to an international exhibition at Expo Osaka, the initiatives of artist Mario Arlati embody a powerful message: sustainability, inclusion, and cooperation are not abstract ideals, but sound realities accessible to everyone, everywhere. To this end, art can bridge industries and cultures, serving as a catalyst for social integration and environmental stewardship in a rapidly changing world. By embracing initiatives centering youth and creativity in industrial dialogue, UNIDO ITPO Italy fulfills its mandate of acceleraring inclusive and sustainable industrial development while inspiring new generations to envision and build a more connected, equitable, and sustainable future.

“United Flags: Youth, Inclusivity and Sustainability for Italy and Japan”
Art workshop by Mario Arlati
August 11th and 12th, 2025 | Expo 2025 Osaka – Italian Pavilion
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INTERVIEW WITH THE DIRECTOR OF THE ITALIAN CULTURAL INSTITUTE IN JAPAN, MRS. SILVANA DE MAIO

A distant world in many ways, starting of course with geography, but Japan and Italy have something that links them, sometimes in a totally unexpected way: culture and social transformation.
The Osaka Expo 2025 represents an opportunity to bring the two worlds together and allow them to get to know each other better. In this sense, the activity of the Institute of Culture of Italy in Tokyo is fundamental.
Silvana De Maio has been coordinating its activities as director of the same institute since 2022. A privileged vantage point to observe
this reality with an emphasis on all aspects
of art and a focus on social dynamics.


Japan is experiencing years of profound transformation. The image of a country where everyone works for the large Japanese multinationals - giants ranging from electronics to cars - is leaving room for small private initiative. A pattern that makes us closer. The protagonists of this transformation are young people.
‘In Japan there has always been a reality of small and medium-sized enterprises,’ explains Director De Maio, ‘and perhaps that is one of the reasons why we are so close to Italy. It’s true. There are the big realities such as Honda or Suzuki to name but in the many different prefectures, perhaps far from Tokyo, there are smaller realities. I am thinking for example of the companies that produce the components’. A model that could recall what happens, for example, in some regions of northern and southern Italy for the automotive industry.
‘Moreover,’ insists the director with an enthusiasm that leaks passion and knowledge of the country, ‘now, as a reflection of the massive arrival of foreigners, both eastern and western, including many Italians, there is a huge return of attention to traditional productions such as, for example, agricultural production. These realities are booming. To make you understand the impact it has on the country there is a useful fact: every morning the national TV stations present a sector to the general public. For example, sake is having a huge success: there is a strong demand for licences to open new small production companies. Courses for sake tasters are developing, both for Japanese and foreigners. It is not just a fad,’ he points out. This dynamic is reminiscent of what has happened and is happening in Italy with the wine sector: tradition and many jobs for young people. ‘Obviously there are the big companies, but small companies are springing up that are finding an interest. And this is also happening in the food sector: I’m thinking of the production of seaweed for fusion cuisine or that of local products such as tofu or misu.
‘Local craftsmanship is a sector where there are more and more companies,’ explains De Maio, ‘There is an undergrowth in turmoil that may not be noticed at first glance. Young people are discovering that there is interest in all these sectors’.
The activities of the Italian Cultural Institute in Tokyo date back to 1939. The building, which was destroyed during the bombing of World War II, has been renovated several times, most recently in 2003 to a design by architect Gae Aulenti. Since 1997, the teaching of the Italian language has had a boost that has seen the number of students enrolled rise to the current 4,000.
“Italians are increasing a lot. Compared to 30 years ago, they have more than doubled. Beyond the big companies that have been here for decades. In this the role of the embassy acts as a bridge between Italian and Japanese companies. From agribusiness to space. Itaila always arouses a lot of interest’. “Japan is also in a moment of change in its relations with the Belpaese: ‘Especially for culture we are in a phase of transition,’ he emphasises. ‘For decades Italian culture was known by the country’s elite, now this stratum of society is leaving its legacy to the new generations. There are beginning to be young people who are very interested in Italy, its music, cinema and cuisine itself, but with a background that must be cultivated, must be enriched’. There are economic aspects that obviously have an influence: ‘With the devaluation of the yen, the young people who manage to come to Italy are not many. It’s generally difficult for Japanese people to leave their country, also because they live well’. The comparison with Italy and its young people is automatic. The role that Microcredit has played is important and has helped many new small entrepreneurs who, like their Japanese counterparts, need a push to start their own businesses.
The Italian Institute of Tokyo coordinates the activities and contributes to the process of spreading Italian culture: “As an Institute we are hosting some of the realities that are presenting themselves at Expo 2025 Osaka. Many Italians come both to make contacts and to understand the prospects for promoting their cultural sector. Those who come to Japan from Italy always pass through Tokyo. Teaming up is
important because you get to know the country better, exchange information and knowledge. By working together you are able to reach more areas of interest’. ‘As an institute we are really developing many projects,’ recalls Di Maio. ‘Soon we will have a symposium on Italo Calvino here at the Institute’s headquarters and at Tokyo University. Then there will be a round table on the 60th anniversary of the Venice Charter for the Conservation of World Heritage, a document from ‘64’.”
“The Japanese state continues to invest in culture, but publishing companies also play a great role in the realisation of large exhibitions riding the Expo wave. We collaborate with some important realities: one boast is the Italian Film Festival that we realise in collaboration with Cinecittà’.
In Japan, the average age of the population is high, as in Italy, and we are beginning to see poverty phenomena to which the inhabitants were not accustomed. ‘Poverty is obviously everywhere, even in Japan,’ says Di Maio, ‘It is increasing unfortunately. Now there are also frequent announcements on TV about setting up food banks to help the destitute. The economic crisis is also beginning to be visible on a social level’. In these spaces, one rediscovers the importance of Social Credit in Italy. Even in Japan, there is a kind of facilitation of access to Microcredit. The state with specific government policies facilitates loans for Small and Medium Enterprises and entrepreneurs. The growth of this sector is supporting local growth and development. The transformation of the Japanese economy, traditionally characterised by the presence of large multinationals and corporate ‘loyalty’ in the sense of difficulty in changing employers, is underway. A transformation that also affects social dynamics.
“Here, for example, single mothers are in great difficulty. Children often have a meal only because they go to compulsory school where it is given to everyone. Before it was taboo to talk about poverty; now they are starting to communicate it. An attempt to prevent the marginalisation of the weakest’.


The Osaka Expo 2025 kicked off on 13 April. It is scheduled to end on 13 October. Italy is present with its own pavilion designed by Mario Cucinella Architect and proposes an interpretation of the Italian Renaissance city with squares, porticoes, gardens and meeting places.
The theme chosen is 'Art Regenerates Life': the aim is to present Italy's excellence: from scientific research to classical and contemporary art, from design to craftsmanship.

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Microcredit has established itself as an effective tool to foster the economic autonomy of the most vulnerable segments of the population, contributing to poverty reduction and the promotion of social equity. It therefore represents a tool for sustainable development and the achievement of the Millennium Goals.
Microfinance, in general, is proposed as a possible prospect to support a socio-economic fabric that, starting from the local, becomes a global economic movement for self-entrepreneurship and the integral development of the person and his or her capacities.
This tool, made famous by the experience of Nobel Prize winner Muhammad Yunus, has shown that it can transform the lives of millions of people in developing countries, and with the skills and experience gained in different countries also in undeveloped countries. This instrument gives so-called non-bankable people the opportunity to start small businesses, improve their living conditions and gain economic independence, thanks to the support of the state and credit institutions.
Therefore, in the European conception of this instrument, it cannot be considered only as a small loan but as an integrated offer of financial and non-financial services, accompaniment, training, tutoring and consultancy, aimed at ensuring greater sustainability of business projects. In this context, the National Microcredit Agency has developed an "Italian way to microcredit and microfinance" that is transversally in support of six of the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) proposed by the 2030 Agenda.

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GOAL 1 - DISCOVER POVERTY
End all forms of poverty in the world
In the world, out of eight billion people at least one billion live in poverty, and 263 million new poor are expected in 2022. In 2021, there were 1,960,000 poor Italian families, while absolute child poverty affected 1,382,000 children.

Microcredit can contribute significantly to achieving Goal 1 of Agenda 2030, especially if it is embedded in inclusive and well-structured public policies. It does not eliminate poverty alone, but it can be a concrete tool to build economic autonomy and resilience among the most vulnerable segments of the population through access to capital for the poorest. Microcredit enables people in extreme poverty, often women, farmers, small artisans to obtain the means to start or expand productive activities. This stimulates self-employment and income, and promotes financial inclusion by ensuring access to banking services, even in rural and disadvantaged areas. Economic resilience is thus strengthened. Many microcredit programmes specifically target women, who often reinvest profits back into the family, improving education, nutrition and health. This has multiplier effects on intergenerational poverty reduction. Small loans generate entrepreneurial activities that, if well managed, create jobs not only for the loan holder but also for the surrounding community. Microcredit can help people diversify their sources of income, reducing their exposure to negative economic events (job loss, agricultural crises, etc.).

GOAL 4 - QUALITY EDUCATION
Ensure quality, equitable and inclusive education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all.
In Italy, early school leavers go from 14.7% in 2018 to 13.1% in 2021, against an EU average of 9.7%. Stronger gender gaps than in other European countries and alarming social and territorial disparities in the quality of learning persist.

Microcredit enables families to increase their income, making them more able to meet the costs of education (school fees, uniforms, books, transport). This is crucial in contexts where poverty forces children to work instead of study. Microcredit, often aimed at women, improves their decision-making status in the family. When women earn more, they tend to invest more in the education of their children, especially daughters, helping to close the gender gap in access to education.

By triggering sustainable economic activities, microcredit incentivises people to invest in education as a means to improve their economic future, recognising the value of education not only for their children but also for themselves. Concretely, to contribute to Goal 4, it must be combined with public policies for free or subsidised access to education.

GOAL 5 - GENDER EQUALITY
Achieve gender equality and empowerment (greater strength, self-esteem and awareness) of all women and girls.
In Italy, only 16.2 per cent of female graduates have a Stem (scientific disciplines) degree, compared to 37.3 per cent of men, despite a 5 per cent increase in female enrolment. The mastery of digital and financial skills remains below the European average. In the EU, around 17% of ICT (Information and communications technology) specialists and one in three Stem graduates is a woman.

Microcredit offers women access to the capital they need to start or expand small businesses; generate their own income; have a greater voice in family and community decisions. It also has a direct impact on women's empowerment, as economic independence is often the first step towards social and political autonomy.
Many microfinance programmes not only provide credit, but also offer
training on money and asset management; education on women's rights and
their economic role and consequently greater awareness, competence and
ability to negotiate their own space in society, thus contributing to the reduction of
vulnerability to gender-based violence.
With economic resources of their own, women are more likely to escape abusive or dependent relationships and to make autonomous decisions about their lives and their children. They improve their own economic status and tend to invest more in their children's education and health. This has a sustainable and lasting impact on achieving Goal 5 and the other SDGs (e.g. Goal 1 - poverty, 4 - education, 10 - reducing inequalities).

GOAL 8 - ENJOYABLE LABOUR AND ECONOMIC GROWTH
Fostering durable, inclusive and sustainable economic growth, full and productive employment and decent work for all
In 2022, the unemployment rate in the European Union was 6 per cent, while in Italy it was 7.9 per cent. The effects of the pandemic crisis have been severe and persist, especially among young people, women and in the South. Italy continues to hold the negative record of unemployed young people who neither study nor train (Neet).

In this context, microcredit represents a key tool to foster financial inclusion, support entrepreneurship and improve the socio-economic conditions of people in situations of poverty or vulnerability.
Micro-credit supports the development of micro-enterprises, promoting self-employment
and sustainable employment; it encourages more stable forms of work as opposed to precarious or undeclared work.
It is often complemented by training and mentoring programmes, which enhance the quality of employment. In this context, its inclusive strength embraces often marginalised groups, such as women and neets (Targets 8.5 and 8.6). Women represent a significant share of microcredit beneficiaries: this reduces the gender gap in employment.

Micro-credit acts as a first step towards greater bankability, initiating pathways
of growth for micro-enterprises, strengthens the local economic fabric, especially in rural or marginal areas.
rural or marginal areas. For micro-credit to contribute fully to Objective 8, it must certain conditions are guaranteed:
• Fair and sustainable access: low interest rates and transparent conditions;
• Financial education: training and accompaniment for conscious credit management;
• Integration with public policies: synergies with welfare, entrepreneurship incentives, infrastructure;
• Impact monitoring: assessing the real effects on employment, income and quality of life.

Microcredit, if well structured and accompanied by support services, can be a powerful tool to achieve Goal 8 of Agenda 2030, stimulating economic growth from below, strengthening employment
economic growth from below, strengthening decent work and reducing inequalities.

GOAL - 10 REDUCE INEQUALITY
Reduce inequality within and between nations
Pandemic and inflation exacerbate inequality within the country: from 2019 to 2021 the worsened the disposable income inequality index and high territorial and gender territorial and gender differences. Even in the rest of the world, the gap between rich and poor: the wealthiest 10% of the population owns 76% of global wealth.

This is about economic and social inclusion of the most vulnerable segments of the population and improving the income of the bottom 40%. In this context, microcredit is a key tool to foster financial inclusion and promote economic autonomy. Thanks to microcredit, many people manage to start a business, generate income and contribute to local development. This process fosters social mobility, reduces extreme poverty and expands economic opportunities for those who would otherwise be excluded. In this way, micro-credit contributes concretely to the achievement of sub-goal 10.2, which promotes inclusion for all, and sub-goal 10.1, which aims to increase the income of the poorest 40 per cent of the population.
Furthermore, microcredit promotes gender equality, as a significant proportion of beneficiaries are women, who are often economically and socially discriminated against. By fostering women's empowerment, microcredit also contributes to the reduction of inequalities of opportunity, as stipulated in sub-objective 10.3.

OBJECTIVE 17 - PARTNERSHIP FOR OBJECTIVES
Strengthen the means of implementation and renew the global partnership for sustainable development
In 2021, development aid (ODA) increased by 4.4% compared to 2020, due to of the aid rich countries provided to fragile countries to cope with Covid-19. Also in Italy in 2021 ODA increased from 0.22% to 0.28%, but this is partly of ‘inflated aid’ or resources spent in donor countries and is still a long way from the far from the target of 0.70% of Gross National Income (GNI).

This target aims to build strong partnerships between governments, the private sector and civil society to achieve all the other goals of the Agenda. Microcredit can significantly contribute to the achievement of Goal 17 through public-private partnerships for economic development. Microcredit promotes collaborations between public institutions (governments, development agencies), international bodies. These partnerships combine resources and expertise to offer inclusive financial services to people excluded from traditional banking circuits. By mobilising financial resources: micro-credit is a concrete tool for mobilising capital and financial resources, including on a local scale. By attracting socially responsible investment and private capital, it helps finance the economic development of the most vulnerable communities, especially in developing countries. New technologies make microcredit increasingly accessible even in remote areas, and support for these instruments from international partners allows for expanding social impact and accelerating progress towards the SDGs.

Microcredit is not only a tool for fighting poverty, but also an engine for global collaboration. By fostering economic empowerment, resource mobilisation and dialogue between public and private actors, microcredit makes a tangible contribution to the realisation of Goal 17 of the 2030 Agenda, strengthening the means of implementation and partnership for sustainable development.

CONCLUSIONS
Microcredit emerges as a powerful and versatile tool to promote sustainable and inclusive development in line with the goals of the 2030 Agenda. It is not simply a matter of granting loans, but of offering a true path to economic and social empowerment, capable of generating positive multiplier effects on multiple fronts. Thanks to its ability to empower the most vulnerable, microcredit makes a concrete contribution to the fight against poverty, gender equality, quality education and the creation of decent work.
Formally, microcredit as an operational and financial tool is mentioned in Article 8 of the 2030 Agenda, which aims to support the development of decent work. However, through the 'Italian way to microcredit', defined and implemented by the National Microcredit Agency, this instrument supports the realisation of several goals (SDGs). It is much more than a simple loan: it becomes a real agent of social and financial education and emancipation, as well as a tool for education and progress. The expertise and projects, implemented at national level by ENM, represent international best practices for capacity building and development cooperation and can be taken as an example of success and innovation. The idea is to offer a point of view that can facilitate the emergence of many other microcredit agencies in different countries. Its role as a training and capacity-building agent makes it possible to strengthen local capacities, creating a virtuous circle of growth and autonomy. In this way, microcredit becomes a tool not only for financial inclusion, but also for empowerment and building a system of integrated services that foster the sustainability and resilience of communities, reducing inequalities and strengthening the local economic fabric.
Through access to capital, many people can start businesses, diversify their sources of income and improve their living conditions, while also contributing to the economic growth of often marginalised territories. The effectiveness of the microfinance instrument is strengthened when it is accompanied by training, advisory and support services, which increase the sustainability of projects and the ability of people to better manage the resources obtained.
In addition, microcredit is embedded in a context of international and local partnerships, stimulating public-private collaborations, and fostering the use of innovative technologies to extend its reach. This integrated approach makes it possible to strengthen financial inclusion systems and to promote more equitable and sustainable development at global level.
Ultimately, microcredit is a bridge between the social and economic challenges of the present and the opportunities for a fairer and more inclusive future. Investing in this instrument means not only fighting poverty and inequality, but also building a world in which every individual can have the same opportunities for growth, autonomy and participation. It is a concrete example of how, with commitment and collaboration, ambitious and lasting goals can be achieved, contributing to progress that is truly sustainable for all. The Italian way structured by the National Microcredit Agency is a concrete and virtuous example of how states can strive to truly achieve the millennium goals.

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